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(Bloomberg) — Japan and Germany vowed to deepen cooperation on defense and climate protection and work more closely together to reduce one-sided dependencies in critical areas such as raw materials.

Prime Minister Fumio Kishida on Saturday hosted Chancellor Olaf Scholz in Tokyo for the first German-Japanese government consultations which included a joint cabinet meeting and bilateral talks between key ministers for defense, economy, finance, transportation and foreign affairs.

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Kishida said at the beginning of the meeting that ties between two Group of Seven allies had never been closer and the new format would strengthen relations even further on areas such as economic security and resilience of supply chains.

Scholz added the two leaders and the ministers would discuss closer cooperation and coordination on issues ranging from green hydrogen to climate protection technology and defense.

Both governments will issue a joint declaration later on Saturday in which they are also expected to condemn Russia’s war against Ukraine.

Major developed nations such as Germany and Japan are competing fiercely for increasingly scarce resources, with access to metals and rare earths seen as crucial for the transition to cleaner and more technologically advanced economies.

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In the global race for many of the commodities, China has become the dominant supplier or processor, leading to warnings about the government in Beijing wielding excessive influence.

Japan has been increasingly focused on economic security, appointing a minister in charge of pursuing it and passing a bill on building resilient supply chains for key critical goods such as rare earths. In a new National Security Strategy published in December, Kishida’s government vowed to “curb excessive dependence on specific countries.”

Germany is in the final stages of drafting its own national security strategy in which economic resilience and reducing one-sided dependencies in areas such as energy and raw materials will also play a key role. China is expected to be described as an international partner, economic competitor and systemic rival.

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Scholz’s focus on Japan is not a coincidence as he has repeatedly stated that democratic nations must work more closely together to counter the influence of economic rivals with different political systems.

While the German leader has rejected an economic decoupling from China, he has urged companies to diversify their business ties in Asia. That is challenging because Germany’s trade links with China have been formed over decades.

German carmakers and their suppliers are trying to secure direct access to raw materials such as lithium and cobalt needed in the production of battery cells for electric vehicles.

Earlier this month, Japan’s Sojitz Corp and a Japanese government organization agreed to boost their funding of Australia’s Lynas Rare Earths Ltd. as part of efforts to cut dependence on China in their critical supply chains. America’s only rare-earths producer has agreed a deal to ship output from its new processing plant to Japan.

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Japan has also signed up to join the US in tightening controls over the export of advanced chipmaking machinery to China, according to people familiar with the matter, although details haven’t been made public. On Thursday, Kishida and South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol announced they would launch a new bilateral dialog on economic security.

Scholz was joined in Japan by senior ministers including Economy Minister Robert Habeck, who is also his vice chancellor, Finance Minister Christian Lindner, Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock, Defense Minister Boris Pistorius, Transport Minister Volker Wissing and Interior Minister Nancy Faeser.

A delegation of senior German business executives accompanied Scholz and his cabinet team for wider talks with the Japanese government and company representatives on how to deepen ties on green energy and trade.

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It is Scholz’s second visit to Japan as chancellor in less than 12 months. He also plans to attend the G-7 leaders summit in Hiroshima in mid-May where the topic of economic security and supply chain resilience will feature high on the agenda.

Scholz’s focus on Japan marks a clear shift from his predecessor Angela Merkel, who visited Tokyo only three times for bilateral talks during her 16 years in power even as she flew to China with large business delegations nearly every year.

Russia’s war in Ukraine exposed the dangers of over-reliance on a single supplier for energy imports and Scholz’s ruling coalition is keen to avoid similar dependencies when it comes to raw materials.